effect of ladle usage on cleanliness of bearing steel
Ladle refining SubsTech
May 31 2012 · Molten steel in a ladle may be treated (refined) in a device called Ladle Furnace (LF). The ladle is transported to the Ladle Furnace stand where it is placed under a cover equipped with three graphite electrodes connected to a three-phase arc transformer. The ladle bottom has a porous refractory plug which is connected to the argon supply pipe at the Ladle Furnace stand.
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Control of Slag and Insoluble Buildup in Ladles Melting
effects on refractory linings. The composition of slag varies with the type of melting process used and the type of iron or steel being melted. The cleanliness of the metallic charge often consisting of sand-encrusted gates and risers from task of continually keeping the pouring ladles clean requires a significant amount of labor and
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Controlling Slag Defects Insoluble Buildup in Melting and
Adding just 1 lb. (0.45 kg) of flux to each ladle (placed on top of the cover steel) cleaned the ladle and extended the service life of the ladle to 72 hours. The benefits of using Redux with every ductile treatment at Foundry B were • Improved metal cleanliness and ladle refractory cleanliness
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An experimental study of non-metallic inclusions
concept of clean steel. Although the concept has received its name quite recently it has been implemented at the large-scale steel mills for more than 40 years. Production of clean steel became possible due active development and adoption of the post-melting treatment of molten metal in the teeming ladle. Ladle metallurgy an umbrella term for
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Inclusion rating by statistics of extreme values and its
nate the cleanliness of recent super-clean steels and (2) to predict the size of larger inclusions con- tained in a domain larger than the inspection do- main. This method is useful for quality control of materials and for improvement of the steel making processes. It also enables one to predict the scatter
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Modern trends in the development of ladle metallurgy and
The main trends in the development of the ladle treatment of steel have been analyzed. The most complex problem is shown to be the formation of nonmetallic inclusions having a certain type and a low concentration. The main parameters of the ladle treatment of steel that control the type and amount of nonmentallic inclusions in ready products are analyzed using the data of industrial heats
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Measures to Improve Oxide Cleanness in Continuous Casting
low level of inclusions is one of the criteria of Clean Steel but is not the only one. "Clean Steel" is focussed on the steel product and it s special application 3 . In these terms the necessary cleanness may be quite different for exposed parts of auto bodies bearing steels high tensile applications of offshore equipment and linepipe
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The Influence of Placement and Sintering Time of the Steel
Ladle metallurgy is an important part of the steelmaking industry. The purpose of ladle metallurgy is desulphurization deoxidation alloying and inclusion shape control during the refining process 4 . The cleanliness of the steel is based on the number size and distribution of inclusions 5 .
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Taking Lubricant Cleanliness to the Next Level
Taking Lubricant Cleanliness to the Next Level. Mary Moon Bel-Ray Company Inc. Lubricant cleanliness refers to the absence of contamination. Microscopic particles are the most harmful form of contamination in lubricants. They can irreversibly damage bearing surfaces shorten the service life of equipment and cause unexpected breakdowns.
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Effect of Ladle Usage on Cleanliness of Bearing Steel
Dec 04 2017 · The results show that the effects of different ladle usages on the cleanliness of the steel differ from each other. The total oxygen content of steel increases with the decreasing glaze basicity. Ladle glaze having a lower basicity has a more negative impact on the cleanliness of steel in the subsequent production.
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Non-metallic inclusions in steelsorigin and control
Jul 01 2018 · (a) Effect of MgO in slag with constant Al 2 O 3 = 5 CaO = 48 on Al O and Mg content in bearing steel in equilibrium with slag. Calculated with Thermo-calc ® and SLAG2 database at 1540 °C. (b) Comparison of calculated and measured Al and O content in three heats of bearing steel after ladle furnace processing.
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Molten Metal Handling / Foundry Ladles On Modern Equipment
Ladles with teapot spouts as used most commonly by steel foundaries pour clean hot metal through the lower opening of the spout while slag is held back. Applications cne not restricted to either distributing or poming. Teapot ladles are used for catching
Get PriceMelting Remelting and Casting for Clean SteelCampbell
May 12 2016 · 1 Introduction. Vast resources have been poured into the development of steels for over one hundred years. The subject has therefore reached some degree of maturity especially for the new ladle refining processes and for those steels produced by continuous casting. 1 However all of our current bulk steel casting processes suffer turbulence in the form of air entrainment and mixing in the
Get PriceThe Influence of Placement and Sintering Time of the Steel
Ladle metallurgy is an important part of the steelmaking industry. The purpose of ladle metallurgy is desulphurization deoxidation alloying and inclusion shape control during the refining process 4 . The cleanliness of the steel is based on the number size and distribution of inclusions 5 .
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Technical Report UDC 621 . 746 . 047Nippon Steel
As stated in 3.1 adverse effects of factors that deteriorate molten steel cleanliness in a tundish have come to be clarified considerably owing to the research and analysis made thereon.5-8) However in ac-tual production steel is cast via an immersion nozzle and a mold af-ter teeming from a tundish therefore possibilities are conceivable
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SteelLadle metallurgy Britannica
Deoxidation reactions carried out in the ladle are exothermic and thus raise the temperature of the liquid steel but the steel also loses heat by radiation from the top surface by heating of the ladle lining and by heat flux through the lining and shell.
Get PriceEffect of Temperature on Oxygen Activity during Ladle
finally the effect of temperature on oxygen activity is dis-cussed based on the chemical equilibrium of Al and Si de-oxidation. 2. Experimental Work Plant trials were made at Ovako Steel s plant in Hofors Sweden. The steel examined was mainly bearing steel grades of the Ovako 800 series containing 1 C
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The Influence of Placement and Sintering Time of the Steel
Ladle metallurgy is an important part of the steelmaking industry. The purpose of ladle metallurgy is desulphurization deoxidation alloying and inclusion shape control during the refining process 4 . The cleanliness of the steel is based on the number size and distribution of inclusions 5 .
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CNALadle refining slag modifier preparation
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking and refining and discloses a ladle refining slag modifier a preparation method and a slag modifying method. The slag modifier comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass 30 to 60 percent of CaO 30 to 60 percent of Al2O3 2 to 10 percent of MgO2 2 to 10 percent of B2O3 and less than 8 percent of impurities.
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Measures to Improve Oxide Cleanness in Continuous Casting
low level of inclusions is one of the criteria of Clean Steel but is not the only one. "Clean Steel" is focussed on the steel product and it s special application 3 . In these terms the necessary cleanness may be quite different for exposed parts of auto bodies bearing steels high tensile applications of offshore equipment and linepipe
Get Price
Foundry ManualPart 3Maritime
Ladle linings have an important bearing on the cleanliness of castings produced. If not sufficiently refractory linings will melt and form slag which is difficult to keep out of the casting. Because of the high temperature involved this is most apt to occur in pouring steel.
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(PDF) Effect of Ladle Usage on Cleanliness of Bearing Steel
The results show that the effects of different ladle usages on the cleanliness of the steel differ from each other. The total oxygen content of steel increases with the decreasing glaze basicity.
Get PriceMolten Metal Handling / Foundry Ladles On Modern Equipment
Ladles with teapot spouts as used most commonly by steel foundaries pour clean hot metal through the lower opening of the spout while slag is held back. Applications cne not restricted to either distributing or poming. Teapot ladles are used for catching
Get Price
The Influence of Placement and Sintering Time of the Steel
Ladle metallurgy is an important part of the steelmaking industry. The purpose of ladle metallurgy is desulphurization deoxidation alloying and inclusion shape control during the refining process 4 . The cleanliness of the steel is based on the number size and distribution of inclusions 5 .
Get Price
Controlling Slag Defects Insoluble Buildup in Melting and
Adding just 1 lb. (0.45 kg) of flux to each ladle (placed on top of the cover steel) cleaned the ladle and extended the service life of the ladle to 72 hours. The benefits of using Redux with every ductile treatment at Foundry B were • Improved metal cleanliness and ladle refractory cleanliness
Get Price
Modern trends in the development of ladle metallurgy and
The main trends in the development of the ladle treatment of steel have been analyzed. The most complex problem is shown to be the formation of nonmetallic inclusions having a certain type and a low concentration. The main parameters of the ladle treatment of steel that control the type and amount of nonmentallic inclusions in ready products are analyzed using the data of industrial heats
Get Price
Improving Ladle Cleanliness for Iron Foundries Foundry
Modern iron foundries experience a number of daily challenges when handling and pouring molten iron including the continuous battle of keeping ladles clean and maintaining the original ladle capacity. Reduced ladle capacity from slag buildup directly translates into reduced production rates.
Get PriceAn experimental study of non-metallic inclusions
concept of clean steel. Although the concept has received its name quite recently it has been implemented at the large-scale steel mills for more than 40 years. Production of clean steel became possible due active development and adoption of the post-melting treatment of molten metal in the teeming ladle. Ladle metallurgy an umbrella term for
Get Price
PAPER OPEN ACCESS Numerical Investigations on the
the steel cleanliness. The results can support the example steel plant to optimize the mixing process concerning productivity and cleanliness quality of the liquid steel. 1. Introduction . The . sti. rring with an inert . gas is widely used in the ladle refining process 1 . In the refining process
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